[The pairing heap, Fredman et al Algorithmica 1.1, 1986] is best viewed as a stripped-down, no-frills … The pairing heap uses a single tree structure … values respects the heap-order condition: the value stored … We thus find the minimum heap value stored … have, and the children of a node are … [p. 475] parent pointers are not present in the … the pairing heap is considered to be a … [Despite the] excellent experimental results [refs], … the asymptotic efficiency is sacrificed; under some circumstances …
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