Quote: problems with error handling by return code and status flags; checked at call sites; harder to read; multiple error cases ignored; harder to modify; expands set of legal values

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Both [return code and status flag] techniques have noticeable drawbacks. First, and … error is discovered and subsequently handled only when … Second, these tests are located throughout the program, … difficult to determine if all the necessary error … testing is coded inline. The return code technique … independent of the computation.   Google-1   Google-2

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