Synchronized clocks enable Kerberized applications to reject replay … The alternatives to timestamping are all variations on … [ref] … Challenge-response protocols avoid the complication of synchronizing, but … security goal. … [As well as efficiency] synchronization helps to ensure that every connection … attempt their cryptoanalysis. … To close [a] security hole [due to a five minute clock skew allowance], Kerberos introduced … minutes, the duration of the replay window. …
Google-1
Google-2
Copyright clearance needed for quotation.