Three main approaches have been used to implement … [for Baker's garbage collection algorithm] … inserting extra instructions to perform address range checks … It carries a typical overhead of 40-50% of … [ref] … This approach uses the machine;s virtual memory protection … [ref] … The overhead is very sensitive to the trapping … [13-63% on average, ref] … A small amount of extra hardware … enables pointer-loads to be checked in parallel with … [ref] … Typical overheads … are 9-11% [ref].
Google-1
Google-2
Copyright clearance needed for quotation.