2 ;;Quote: in 1642, Pascal designed and built the first mechanical adding machine; for accounting; used rotating wheels that automatically carried to next position

2 ;;Quote: use complementary numbers for subtraction

3 ;;Quote: in 1666, Morland built a mechanical adding machine for multiplication; used repeated addition

3 ;;Quote: in 1694, Leibnitz built a machine for multiplication using a crank to set and turn all wheels simultaneously; his stepped reckoner remains in use

5 ;;Quote: Babbage used Jacquard cards, punched cards read by needles that raised particular warp threads; interlaced with twine in an endless sequence, pegs guided the cards over a cylinder

5 ;;Quote: Babbage separated variable cards for the store, from operational cards for the mill; parameterized solutions to mathematical problems

5 ;;Quote: Babbage's engine would ring a bell for values of a transcendental; if given the wrong card, it would ring a louder bell

11 ;;Quote: the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator was five tons and 51 feet long; visualized in 1937 as a panels dedicated to mathematical operations

11 ;;Quote: the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator had a multiplying unit, dividing unit, 72 adding registers, 60 constant registers, tables of log x, sine x, and 10^x; like mill and store of Babbage

11 ;;Quote: the sequence control unit reads 24-bit commands (move A to B and start C) from a perforated paper tape

288 ;;Quote: use an independent check of the result to detect incorrect switch settings and incorrect plugging

288 ;;Quote: check for mechanical and electrical failures frequently; no more than 20 minutes without checks

289 ;;Quote: produce a coding sheet and diagram that specify all details of the coding; allocate storage counters to the computation; indicate prints, interpolations, and checks

289 ;;Quote: before running a sequence tape, manually simulate the computation on a degenerate case or initial point; compare intermediate and final results with the actual computation

290 ;;Quote: the operating instructions for a sequence tape include the switches, tapes, card feeds, card punch, typewriters, counters, checks, plugging, and rerun instructions

292 ;;Quote: for sequence tapes in the tape library, the starting tapes should check all switches, plugging, and functional units; otherwise, they just compute the initial values

292 ;;Quote: standardize the preparation of control tapes and operating instructions; group enterprise; minimizes special instructions

292 ;;Quote: evaluate a fourth degree polynomial in 13.8 seconds (46 cycles)

292+;;Quote: can interpose additional computation for a quarter of the cycles; reduces time to 9.9 seconds

336 ;;Quote: since 1943, tabulated complex functions, solved linear equations, statistical analysis, zeros of a function, and partial differential equations