Group:
artificial intelligence
Group:
coordination system
Group:
hypertext
Topic:
children vs. adults
Topic:
decision table
Topic:
education
Topic:
electronic meetings
Topic:
frame problem
Topic:
man-machine symbiosis
Topic:
natural language as action or problem solving
Topic:
open systems
Topic:
people better than computers
Topic:
probability assessment
Topic:
recognition
Topic:
shared information for collaborative work
Topic:
task communication
Topic:
using hypertext for cooperative work
| |
Subtopic: societal problems 
| Quote: societal problems are inherently wicked: many possible solutions, no good-or-bad solutions, no test of solution, all solutions are irreversible; symptoms of other problems [»rittHW6_1973]
|
Subtopic: systematic problem solving
| Quote: the general paradigm of human problem solving is--given a blueprint, find the corresponding recipe [»simoHA_1981]
| | Quote: problem solving by lexical (continuous->discrete), parsing (atoms->structure), modeling (structure->meaning), analysis (meaning->action) [»rossDT_1967]
| | Quote: most engineering and scientific problems consist of initiate, perform, communicate result with optional repetition until acceptable [»perlAJ4_1957]
| | Quote: simplify a problem by splitting it into two
| | Quote: problem solving can be modeled by two intellects communicating through a water trough using a set of rules
| | Quote: open systems should use due process--organized gathering of information for decision-making under constraints; provides a record [»hewiC7_1986]
| | Quote: due-process reasoning: debate between advocates and skeptics [»hewiC4_1985]
|
Subtopic: problem solving as exploration
| Quote: problem-solving requires exploration instead of just search [»hewiC4_1985]
| | Quote: problem solving requires exploration: no initial state, pre-defined operations, or goal state
| | Quote: complicated ideas evolve slowly with lots of change [»nelsTH_1987]
| | Quote: the roll theory states that, for creativity, an individual needs access to data, without distractions, and an organization method [»bradJT5_1986]
| | Quote: in cooperative task solving, most time in searching; little time in communication [»chapA3_1973]
| | Quote: mathematical invention often occurs after a long period of unconscious work following and followed by conscious work [»poinH_1908, OK]
|
Subtopic: problem solving as recognition
| Quote: need multiple, distinct descriptions to solve Bongard problems; a unique description for each element does not work [»linhA8_2000]
| | Quote: Bongard's patterns capture the core problems of pattern recognition; e.g., ovals pointing to crosses or small circles [»linhA8_2000]
|
Subtopic: spatial metaphors
| Quote: growing consensus that spatial metaphors useful for reasoning and problem-solving [»kerrST_1986]
|
Subtopic: relavant facts
| Quote: problem solving requires restricting class of possibly, relevant facts and then choosing relevant ones [»dreyHL_1979]
| | Quote: experts look at as many alternatives and moves ahead as a grandmaster [»dreyHL_1979]
| | Quote: no theory for first step in problem solving: distinguishing essential from inessential [»dreyHL_1979]
|
Subtopic: writing
| Quote: writers begin by bottom-up thinking by building a semantic network [»smitJB6_1987]
| | Quote: argumentation by knowledge of subject (below the Divide) and knowledge of argumentation [»smolP11_1987]
|
Subtopic: augmentation of intelligence
| Quote: use computers to augment man's intellect for problem solving [»engeDC_1963]
| | Quote: augmentation by 'human using language, artifacts, and methodology, in which he is trained' [»engeDC_1963]
| | Quote: software tools support problem solving by humans; e.g., PSL does not solve requirements problems, it provides analysis and formatting [»fairRE_1985]
| | Quote: a large study of graphics for decision-making showed that tabular data was just as effective [»dickGW1_1986]
| | Quote: IBIS for analysis of 'wicked problems' without a single answer [»conkJ9_1987]
| | Quote: IBIS supports problem solving by conversation between stakeholders [»begeML10_1988]
| | Quote: DesignJournal captures the design rationale and commitments to resolve problems [»begeML10_1988]
| | Quote: Planner allows fragmentary and heuristic knowledge to assist problem solving [»hewiC4_1985]
| | Quote: AED is a system for problem solving by lexical, parsing, modeling, and analysis phases; machine and language independence by changing the control information for each phase [»rossDT_1967]
| | Quote: a computer-aided design system should augment and stimulate the designer without awareness of highly complex computer programs; think almost entirely at the concept level within a field of interest; continually extended [»rossDT_1963]
|
Related Topics
Group: artificial intelligence (14 topics, 509 quotes)
Group: coordination system (8 topics, 217 quotes)
Group: hypertext (44 topics, 786 quotes)
Topic: children vs. adults (33 items)
Topic: decision table (29 items)
Topic: education (35 items)
Topic: electronic meetings (24 items)
Topic: frame problem (13 items)
Topic: man-machine symbiosis (46 items)
Topic: natural language as action or problem solving (29 items)
Topic: open systems (33 items)
Topic: people better than computers (35 items)
Topic: probability assessment (26 items)
Topic: recognition (50 items)
Topic: shared information for collaborative work (36 items)
Topic: task communication (49 items)
Topic: using hypertext for cooperative work
(9 items)
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