Quote: Aristotle established the words: subject, predicate, form, matter, energy, potential, substance, essence, quantity, quality, accidental, relation, cause, genus, species, individual, indivisible [»loreMP19_1997]

Quote: people distinguish classes via short descriptions; using language specific to those classes; brevity is achieved without lose of information [»bongM_1967]

Quote: the classification of ideas is the true basis on which words (the symbols of ideas) should be classified; a basis for the philosophy of language [»rogePM_1853, OK]

Quote: keeping modifier near the modified thing is a property of our minds; not a rule of English [»mitcR_1979]

Quote: perception is organized into objects and features, not undifferentiated shapes; consciousness is of something as such and such [»searJR_1992]

Quote: thinking is essentially the activity of operating with signs [»wittL_1958]

Quote: thought processes abstract information to a skeleton of relevant features [»smitDC6_1975]

Quote: a gestalt is an organization of elements; like a rhythm [»dreyHL_1979]

Quote: our universe is not chaos; we perceive and name beings and objects that have stable structures [»thomR_1975]

Quote: we can be self-deceived about how Thingish something is [»mckeWM_1970]

Quote: man hath set up a visible mark, which when seen again, may bring to mind the original thought; like a rock at sea [»hobbT_1650, OK]

Quote: the mind is distinct from the body because the body is always divisible but the mind is indivisible [»descR_1641]

Quote: soul is man's primary being and the body is his material; man is both body and soul; as is animals [»aris_322a]

Quote: vital principles do not change the course of motion; motion is part of the pre-established order of nature [»leibGW5_1705]

Quote: bodies follow the laws of motion; souls follow their own laws about good and evil

Quote: pre-established harmony--bodies and souls correspond to each other like perfectly regulated clocks

Quote: the pre-established harmony of souls and bodies proves the existence of God; this universal agreement requires a general cause of infinite power and wisdom [»leibGW5_1705]

Quote: the system of occasional causes needs a perpetual miracle to adapt the thoughts of the soul to the impressions of the body

Quote: the nature of mind is physical as shown by real weapons and tangible blows [»lucr_55]

Quote: the organs require the body; a hand, or eye, or nose, if separate and free, would melt with decay [»lucr_55]

Quote: although flesh contains the mind, mind and flesh are closer bound than contents and container

Quote: mind stays true to type; if the mind was deathless and changeable, deer might attack hounds, hawk flee doves, man lack logic [»lucr_55]

Quote: brains cause minds; i.e, every mental event is caused by specific neurons firing in specific neural architectures [»searJR1_1990]

Quote: the soul is the Form of a living body [»aris_322b]

Quote: the soul is not separable from the body; is the soul as the sailor of a boat or the actuality of a body [»aris_322b]

Quote: the mind-body problem is difficult because of consciousness, intentionality, subjectivity, and mental causation; can not deny these [»searJR_1984]

Quote: human action has a mental, intentional component and a physical component; it is explained by intentional causation [»searJR_1984]

Quote: the experience of freedom of choice is an intrinsic part of intentional action; can not be given up [»searJR_1984]

Quote: to duplicate a behavior, need to know the intentions behind it; e.g., painting (random) numbers 18, 73, 21, 4 on your forehead [»ziffP_1960]

Quote: radical freedom of will is impossible under a scientific world view

Quote: we have foreknowledge of the future in predicting one's own voluntary movements [»wittL_1958a]

Quote: intentional, human actions are either premeditated or they are spontaneous, e.g., normal conversation [»searJR_1984]

Quote: the preferred description of intentional action is determined by the intentions that caused it; not like other, natural events [»searJR_1984]

Quote: intentional states only function as part of a network of intentions that determines the conditions of satisfaction [»searJR_1984]

Quote: the network of intentionality functions against a background of human capacities that are not themselves mental states; e.g., driving [»searJR_1984]

Quote: practical knowledge is what is possible through free will [»kantI_1781, OK]

Quote: can only employ probability for the occurrence of individual processes; free choice between stationary states; like radioactive decay [»bohrN_1934]

Quote: freedom of will and causality are idealizations; both concern the relation between subject and object which forms the core of the problem of knowledge [»bohrN_1934]

Quote: Skinner's avoidance of intentional idioms in psychology is too extreme; use intentional terms provisionally and eventually design a mechanism to replace them [»dennDC_1978]

Quote: psychological theory can not rest on intentional terms; otherwise it presupposes the very thing it is explaining

Quote: there need not be a mental process of thinking, hoping, etc. independent of expressing a thought, a hope, etc. [»wittL_1958]

Quote: everyday activity does not involve self-referential mental content; being-in-the-world is primary; mental-state intentionality is derivative [»dreyHL_1991]

Quote: subjectivity may exist independently of a public world or it may arise out of dispersion in the public world

Quote: mental phenomena appear to cause physical results; if not, then the mind doesn't matter, like froth on a wave [»searJR_1984]

Quote: behavioral criteria for mind are insufficient; e.g., a device that includes all possible English conversations up to some length [»vangR_1992]

Quote: mind is a soul with reason

Quote: human reason stands in need of discipline to expose the illusions which it originates; this discipline is exercised by reason alone [»kantI_1781, OK]

Quote: all philosophy of pure reason is purely negative; it guards against error but does not lead to the discovery of new truth

Quote: any canon for employing the faculty of pure reason will relate to the practical use of reason and not to its speculative use [»kantI_1781, OK]

Quote: moral laws alone belong to the sphere of the practical exercise of reason

Quote: moral laws admit of a canon of absolute imperatives derived through pure reason

Quote: reason is nothing but adding and subtracting the consequences of general names; marking when we think, and signifying when we communicate [»hobbT_1651, OK]

Quote: Boole investigated the fundamental laws of thought with a symbolic language, applied it to probabilities, and discussed the consequences [»boolG_1854, OK]

Quote: all of reasoning may be conducted by symbols, operations, and identity; closely related to algebra [»boolG_1854, OK]

Quote: computer programs are syntactical, only minds have semantics and meanings; e.g., Chinese room [»searJR_1984]

Quote: syntax is not sufficient for semantics; the mental contents of human minds [»searJR1_1990]

Quote: to follow a rule, the meaning of the rule must have a causal role; behavior itself is insufficient (many possible rules) [»searJR_1984]

Quote: practical reasoning is about choosing between conflicting desires; beliefs are about how to satisfy our desires [»searJR_1984]

Quote: perception is a simple substance that cannot be explained mechanically. Imagine entering a thinking machine. Many parts impinge on one another but none are the perceptions [»leibGW_1679]

Quote: perception yields knowledge of the external world; i.e., existents other than myself and my states

Quote: the psyche is that in virtue of which something is alive [»aris_322b]

Quote: can experimentally separate the mental component of action from the physical component; e.g., by stimulating the motor cortex [»searJR_1984]

Quote: human actions have preferred descriptions; what someone does is what they think they are doing; e.g., walking to Hyde Park [»searJR_1984]

Quote: people generally know what they are doing and can explain the behavior of others, perhaps through mastery of a set of principles [»searJR_1984]

Quote: functionalism treats mental states as causes of behavior; a mental event is a network of causal relations between inputs, outputs, and states [»vangR_1992]

Quote: identify conceptual schemes with languages and the soul; can languages be non-translatable [»daviD11_1974]

Quote: life and consciousness are inseparable [»bohrN_1934]

Quote: emotion is closely tied to its bodily symptoms; the trembling lips of fear, the flushed face of rage [»jameW_1890, OK]

Quote: memory is a mechanism for generating current performance based on past experience, not an inventory of mental states [»searJR_1992]

Quote: memories are gestalts recalled from a subpart; ambiguities resolved statistically

Quote: short-term memory may hold pointers to previously stored memories; can not hold unencoded images [»sowaJF_1984]

Quote: a new situation invokes a frame from memory; includes expectations and assumptions; modify as needed [»winoT_1986]

Quote: spatial orientation, recognition memory, and language use different mentalities; e.g., Piaget's water pouring experiment [»lindO_1992]

Quote: does mental structure develop naturally like a garden, through education like a team, or by design like a machine [»engeDC_1963]

Quote: Poincare--study the history of science to learn about the development of minds; like 'embryology recapitulates phylogeny' [»lakaI_1976]

Quote: the full mind's program is practically unknowable; huge, branchy, not formal, a kludge [»cherC5_1988]

Quote: the logics and mathematics in the brain must be structurally very different from known languages; because of imprecision [»vonnJ_1958]

Quote: it is difficult to understand the soul [»aris_322b]