Quote: the IBM 360 has a systematic architecture; condition code, registers, memory, 8-bit bytes, 32-bit integers, 32 and 64-bit reals, two's complement [»wirtN1_1968]

Quote: behavioral modeling is mandatory for computer design; reveals areas of uncertainty, forces subtle problems into the open, deal with all issues together [»colwRP_2006]

Quote: preparation before realization; the refinement stage of development selects one alternative and creates the project scaffolding for the realization phase [»colwRP_2006]

Quote: use truth tables to prove theorems about hindrances, i.e., open or closed circuits; e.g., associative and distributive laws [»shanCE6_1938]

Quote: how to construct a relay switching circuit from equations of the independent and dependent variables [»shanCE6_1938]

Quote: can use relay circuits for complex mathematical operations; anything using a finite number of steps of 'if', 'or', 'and', etc.; e.g., adding two numbers [»shanCE6_1938]

Quote: track the number of new RTL lines per week, the running total and estimates; can predict the final RTL size from the rate of increase [»colwRP_2006]

Quote: need to overshoot in selective areas of a design, otherwise unwelcome realities will lead to failure [»colwRP_2006]

Quote: complexity is a living, growing monster; degrades project goals while hiding the fact that it has done so; P6 Simplification Effort was a success [»colwRP_2006]

Quote: formal design reviews with 10 to 20 other interested designers and observers [»colwRP_2006]

Quote: in a design review describe the context, function, constraints, alternatives, block diagram, timing diagrams, protocols, and controllers [»colwRP_2006]

Quote: a design review produces a list of ideas, objections, concerns, and issues; produce a plan for addressing the issues and resolving all open items [»colwRP_2006]

Quote: sequential disk access is 500 times faster than random access; think of disk as a sequential device [»grayJ6_2003]

Quote: use video-taped lectures to convey design information; include Q&A; new hires quickly learn names, operations, and people [»colwRP_2006]

Quote: design patterns are reusable experience; building blocks for more complex design; microarchitecture [»gammE7_1993]

Quote: energy efficiency and price-performance are the primary factors for Google clusters

Quote: depreciation is larger than power and cooling; servers last only 2-3 years [»barrLA3_2003]

Quote: worst-case thermal dissipation for microprocessors is a critical problem; eventually stops development [»colwRP_2006]

Quote: survey of power reduction techniques for circuits to architectures, system software, and applications [»venkV9_2005]

Quote: the power density and heat generation of computers is approaching that of nuclear reactors

Quote: hardware memory consistency should enforce sequential consistency with relaxed write-to-read order; other relaxed models too complicated [»hillMD8_1998]

Quote: how to optimize programs for cache memory; unless hit rate 98% programs run at memory speed instead of processor speed [»searCB10_2000]

Quote: use the same order code for new machines since the library of subroutines may be as valuable as the machine itself

Quote: earliest instruction sets for a computer and first program [»knutDE12_1970]

Quote: add a full vector architecture to x86 and PowerPC; via their multimedia extensions; keeps the memory system busy [»gebiJ4_2007]

Quote: IBM 360 cells contain a value; arrays contain an ordered set of cells; operations are a mapping from operands to results [»wirtN1_1968]

Quote: the Mesa instruction set is designed for compactness; average instruction length is 1.45 bytes [»johnRK3_1982]

Quote: on Mesa, code is about half the size of conventional architectures [»johnRK3_1982]

Quote: Babbage's analytical engine detected overflow carries; used for determining events

Quote: Intel x86 provides segment protection levels and page protection levels [»chiuTC3_1999]

Quote: on Intel architectures, an interrupt gate allows user processes to call kernel services [»chiuTC3_1999]

Quote: use 'ret' to call a less-privileged extension, and 'call' to return from the extension [»chiuTC3_1999]

Quote: 10x cost for hardware-based extensions vs. 40x cost for kernel-process call-return; also, avoids TLB misses [»chiuTC3_1999]

Quote: instruction coprocessor generates machine code for intermediate codes; 2x faster, problem of jumps [»debaEH_1990]

Quote: Accelerator uses data parallelism to program GPUs using a conventional imperative language; within 50% of hand-written code; up to 18x faster than C [»tardD10_2006]

Quote: can reduce energy consumption by assigning register labels to minimize switching costs; also compiler optimizations and better algorithms [»mehtR8_1997]

Quote: the Ferranti Mark I included a real-time clock accurate to five seconds [»turiA3_1951]

Quote: the Ferranti Mark I included a hardware random number generator; e.g., random walk probability [»turiA3_1951]

Quote: microcomputers will demand LSI hardware solutions instead of general-purpose tools [»controleng]

Quote: chip multi-processors reduce interconnect delays by partitioning the microarchitecture into localized processing elements [»hammL9_1997]

Quote: chip multi-processors are a good fit for billion-transistor chip designs

Quote: description of the CM-1 Connection Machine; 64K cells, 4K bits memory each, 1-bit ALU, boolean n-cube topology, host computer [»hillWD_1985]

Quote: description of wide microinstruction for CM-1 Connection Machine; truth table on 2 bits and 16 flags, N/E/S/W pins for I/O [»hillWD_1985, OK]

Quote: the communications network of the Connection Machine does most of the computation, limits the performance, and costs the most [»hillWD_1985]

Quote: in computers, wires are much of the cost, space and delay times

Quote: can provide hardware support of object types and their operations [»rattJ3_1982]