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Group: information
topics >
information retrieval
Group:
relationship information
Topic:
attribute-value pairs as information
Topic:
context
Topic:
copyright
Topic:
deletion of information
Topic:
definition by example
Topic:
entropy
Topic:
facts as relationships between entities
Topic:
information as a hint
Topic:
information as facts
Topic:
information as knowledge
Topic:
knowledge as interrelated facts
Topic:
non-hierarchical classification and multiple classification
Topic:
problem of classifying information
Topic:
semi-structured text
Topic:
text markup and structured text
Topic:
translation of data
data
Group:
data type
Group:
database model
Group:
digital communication
Group:
document preparation
Group:
hypertext
Group:
natural language
Group:
philosophy
Topic:
classification
Topic:
declarative vs. procedural representation
Topic:
fundamental concepts such as type, attributes, relationships are all the same
Topic:
hypertext as external memory
Topic:
hypertext nodes
Topic:
information hiding
Topic:
knowledge representation
Topic:
personal information
Topic:
problem of information overload
Topic:
relational database
Topic:
reliable communication
Topic:
shared information for collaborative work
Topic:
symbolic representation
Topic:
using a computer as a communication/information medium
Topic:
what is a computer
Topic:
what is a number
Topic:
what is truth
Summary
What is information, particularly digital information? It is more than numbers and less than knowledge, wisdom, or truth. Digital information is equivalent to numbers. Facts are close. They are relevant. Facts are like the elements of information.Information may be like ether, a concept without content. (cbb 11/07)
Subtopic: information by communication
Quote: message-passing semantics: meaning of a message depends on its effect on subsequent behavior [»hewiC4_1985] Quote: information is difference that makes a difference; meaning depends on relations with other parts of the world [»bateG_1979] Quote: information is what guides people's actions; not what a computer processes [»holtAW_1979] Quote: relevance is being potentially helpful to a user in the resolution of a need [»greeR9_1995] Quote: the purpose of information is making decisions between possible actions [»holtAW_1997] Quote: information is that kind of resource which is used to resolve conflicts [»petrCA10_1979]
Subtopic: information as physical characteristics
Quote: information in its ordinary sense means something that is communicated by conscious, intentional agents via symbols that have an agreed interpretation [»raatP_1998] Quote: information is not directly from physical reality; only a sentence reporting the observation can convey information [»raatP_1998]
Subtopic: information as bits
Quote: define information by physical characteristics; the rate of transmission is limited by energy considerations [»hartRV7_1928] Quote: rate of information transmission is proportional to the width of frequency-range times time delta Quote: the information capacity of the motor system can be inferred from the statistical variability of successive, uniform responses [»fittPM6_1954]
Subtopic: information as number
Quote: entropy is the measure of information; the only continuous property that increases with more choices, and decomposition is a weighted sum [»shanCE7_1948] Quote: use logarithm to measure information; parameters tend to vary linearly with the logarithm of the number of possibilities; e.g., two punched cards vs. one [»shanCE7_1948] Quote: a bit is a binary digit; for measuring information [»shanCE7_1948] Quote: information is the logarithm of the number of possible symbol sequences [»hartRV7_1928] Quote: information capacity by probability of distinguishing symbols; ignore their interpretion [»hartRV7_1928]
Subtopic: data vs. information
Note: information is numbers, what everyone can agree on; the problem is a vivid language for numbers [»cbb_1990, OK]
Subtopic: information as assertion
Quote: information exists for humans, not machines; machines process symbols, humans assign meaning to the symbols [»dennPJ3_1995] Quote: some authors equate signs with information, but lose the meaning of that information [»kentW_1978] Quote: communication requires a predefined mapping of representations into information [»richG9_1975] Quote: distinguish information and data; e.g., an employee's salary is data that doesn't need a separate entry; access by a field [»cbb_1980, OK] Quote: resemblance between a database's contents and the original information depends on a common understanding of what references mean [»kentW_1978] Quote: the target of most information can be replaced by any of the things involved in the information; e.g., employees in a department [»kentW1_1985] Quote: information is the values within the outcome of a process; a variable has multiple values, without changing the type of system [»loseRM3_1997] Quote: INFORMATION is relative to organized activity; information depends on the human organization that uses it [»holtAW_1997]
Subtopic: information as structured
Quote: information associated with a representative must be asserted explicitly [»kentW_1978]
Subtopic: information algebra
Quote: a virtual document is active, structured information for communication; applications are tools; e.g., Illustrator format Quote: with densely packed information, a random change to a meaningful message is meaningful [»chaiGJ_2001]
Subtopic: informatics
Quote: information algebra deals with sets of points in a space; each entity has exactly one datum point in a given property space; e.g., (employee number, hourly payrate) [»bosaR4_1962]
Subtopic: problems with information
Quote: Informatics is the science of information aspects of natural and societal phenomena [»nygaK10_1986] Quote: informatics is the science of information aspects of processes and phenomena [»nygaK_1981]
Quote: perhaps information for computer scientists is like ether was for physicists in the last century [»dennPJ3_1995] Quote: "important" is subjective and a continuous scale; different things are important to different people in different contexts at different times [»kentW1_1985] Quote: the regulator paradox--the task is to eliminate variation, but variation is the source of needed information; e.g., testing icy roads [»weinGM_1979] Quote: information may be too ambiguous and subjective to be embodied in a computer [»kentW_1978] Quote: often notions less well understood than information are used for its explanation, e.g., knowledge, concept, idea, meaning
[»stamRK7_1985]
Group: information retrieval (25 topics, 674 quotes)
Group: relationship information (5 topics, 69 quotes)Topic: attribute-value pairs as information (57 items)
Topic: context (8 items)
Topic: copyright (9 items)
Topic: deletion of information (11 items)
Topic: definition by example (26 items)
Topic: entropy (14 items)
Topic: facts as relationships between entities (22 items)
Topic: information as a hint (18 items)
Topic: information as facts (21 items)
Topic: information as knowledge (17 items)
Topic: knowledge as interrelated facts (23 items)
Topic: non-hierarchical classification and multiple classification (16 items)
Topic: problem of classifying information (42 items)
Topic: semi-structured text (17 items)
Topic: text markup and structured text (25 items)
Topic: translation of data
(26 items)
Group: data (140 topics, 3126 quotes)
Group: data type (34 topics, 730 quotes)
Group: database model (15 topics, 316 quotes)
Group: digital communication (11 topics, 296 quotes)
Group: document preparation (8 topics, 180 quotes)
Group: hypertext (44 topics, 786 quotes)
Group: natural language (16 topics, 539 quotes)
Group: philosophy (60 topics, 2323 quotes)Topic: classification (65 items)
Topic: declarative vs. procedural representation (54 items)
Topic: fundamental concepts such as type, attributes, relationships are all the same (37 items)
Topic: hypertext as external memory (24 items)
Topic: hypertext nodes (19 items)
Topic: information hiding (50 items)
Topic: knowledge representation (41 items)
Topic: personal information (41 items)
Topic: problem of information overload (23 items)
Topic: relational database (35 items)
Topic: reliable communication (29 items)
Topic: shared information for collaborative work (36 items)
Topic: symbolic representation (26 items)
Topic: using a computer as a communication/information medium (32 items)
Topic: what is a computer (62 items)
Topic: what is a number (55 items)
Topic: what is truth
(67 items)